Third World War will be Over Water

Third World War will be Over Water Introduction According to Robert et al. (1027), the quest for a cleaner and sustainable environment is ongoing. The reason for the growth of environmental activism is that the resources that are vital for the sustenance of human life, like water, have been declining at a quick pace. Taking an example from the issue of climate change, it is noted that one of the impacts of the degradation of the environment is growing desertification.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Third World War will be Over Water specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This denotes a decline in the supply of water to the population in areas that are affected by desertification. The rate at which clean water sources are declining is quite high, leaving populations exposed to waterborne ailments. Cases of waterborne diseases are often reported in the developing world. The severity of the case of water scarcity can be best explained by the inclusio n of the problem of water as one of the main goals of one of the greatest development frameworks in the world- the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The issue of access to safe drinking water occupies goal seven in the millennium development goals (UNICEF and World Health Organization 5). According to Third World Academy of Sciences (6), approximately 75 percent of all diseases in the developing world emanate from the consumption of unclean water. According to the United Nations Report of issue of sanitation and safe drinking water, there is still a large gap between the demand and the supply of safe drinking water. While the efforts of meeting the demand for clean drinking water are ongoing, the report revealed that approximately 780 million people in the world do not have access to safe drinking water (UNICEF and World Health Organization 5). This denotes an improvement on the research that was conducted by Basani, Isham and Reilly (953) in the year 2008, which showed that over a billion people across the world did not have access to safe drinking water. This implies that there is still a need to speed the efforts of assuring the global population of the supply of clean and safe water. The implication of the observation that was made by the UNICEF and WHO is that most people in the world still use contaminated water for drinking and accomplishing a series of other domestic chores, irrespective of the risks of using that water. It should be noted that these people use contaminated water out of desperation. They cannot access clean and hygienic water, while at the same time they cannot do without this basic necessity. By extension, this means that people are caught in desperate situations, implying a smouldering crisis. In this paper, it is argued that the demand for clean water far much surpasses the ability of governments to offer clean water to their citizens, leading to the struggle for access to clean water.Advertising Looking for research pape r on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The continued contamination and the subsequent usage of clean water are likely to compound the problems that are associated with the demand and supply of clean water. This paper explores the issues surrounding the scarcity of drinking water and the implications. The paper brings out findings on the problems and trends of demand and supply of clean water to the global populace and the likely impacts of the quest for clean water. Health Issues Water Borne Diseases The provision of clean and safe drinking water is part of the initiatives of most governments, especially in the developing world. Governments are often backed by international agencies and non-governmental organizations in fulfilling the obligation. As observed in the introduction, there are a substantial number of people in the world today who do not have access to clean drinking water. As people continue to strive for clean and safe water, the usage of unsafe water continues to cause harm to millions of people around the world. Unclean water, as noted in the introduction, is the cause of most of the maladies in the developing world. Cases of the spread and prevalence of waterborne diseases in the world cannot be overemphasized. Millions of people in the world succumb to diseases that emanate from the consumption of polluted water. Common waterborne diseases that are reported include cholera, diarrhoea, typhoid, and dysentery (Tulchinsky and Varavikova 339). The question that ought to be asked is what the source of contamination of the water is and the reasons to whether people are informed of the risks of consuming such water. What happens is that people often find themselves in dire need of water, while the environment in which they inhabit cannot offer them clean water. Thus, they are forced to utilize the available water, which is often contaminated, thence, a health hazard. The prevailing conditions of hygiene in the world are a predisposing factor for waterborne diseases. This makes water borne diseases as one of the main epidemics in the developing regions of the world.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Third World War will be Over Water specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Natural sources of water are often polluted through exposure to un-hygienic compounds that come from sewers and poor disposal of refuse. The state of health and productivity of the affected populations is put in jeopardy, thereby exposing the global population to economic problems (Basani, Isham and Reilly 954). Water-Washed diseases While a lot of efforts are directed towards treating the conditions that emanate from the consumption of unclean water, research reveals that the main means of controlling the spread of diseases that are caused by consumption of polluted water is by ensuring that populations are suppli ed with adequate volumes of clean water. This mainly applies to the water-washed diseases, where patients require to be supplied with adequate volumes of cleans water. Water-washed diseases are another complication that emanates from the prevalence of poor conditions of hygiene, which comes from insufficient supply of clean water to a given population. Contamination with a number of diseases is caused by contact of the infected people with the healthy population. The diseases are spread by virtue of direct contact of the skin, mucus membrane and conjunctiva. Amidst the rise in the cases of disease transmission through contact, there is a clear pointer to the fact that the supply of clean water to populations is paramount if a stoppage it to be put to the break-up and spread of water-washed diseases. However, attending to such a situation is quite hard, bearing in mind that most populations, especially in the developing regions of the world, are still struggling with food insecurity. This makes the issue of clean water supply a secondary issue, meaning that water-washed diseases are likely to prevail within these populations (Webber 72). Water based diseases Water is one of the most common mediums of passage of infectious diseases from one person to the other. Given the nature of the social environment in which global populations prevail, water-based diseases cannot be easily stopped because the conditions of water supply are poor. This predisposes the global population to poor hygienic conditions and the spread of water based diseases. The socio-environmental characteristics of the global population make it difficult to plan and maintain the required standards of hygiene. The carrying capacity of most ecosystems in the world surpasses the recommended standards, yet there are no better plans to maintain the recommended size of population. This leaves the populations prone to water-based diseases (Yang et al. 1484).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Water storage According to Juuti (136), water storage comes out as one of the means of preserving water and guaranteeing populations of supply of water. However, the main concern is whether populations have the capacity to safely store water. There have been a lot of cases on the capacity of populations to store water. The means of water storage is a critical issue. While the developed world is doing well in terms of developing technologies of storing water, a different scenario is witnessed in the developing world. The capacity to safely store water is quite low, which in most cases increases the vulnerability of the populations. The mechanisms of water storage are hazardous. For instance, dams are left exposed, making them harbour other disease causing vectors like mosquitoes. Malaria, which is spread by mosquitoes, is one of the ailments that affect a substantial number of lives of people in the developing world and the tropics. The stored water is also not properly treated, thus it is contaminated with other disease causing pathogens (Juuti 136). Agriculture Shortage of water and food Food security is one of the main problems that are crumpling development in the world. Most households in the developing world cannot afford food, which is one of the basic needs for human beings. There is a close relationship between scarcity of food and the shortage of water supply. This issue can be approached from two perspectives. One perspective is the issue of lack of food, which makes most of people to concentrate on the search for food, leaving out the issue of seeking for clean water. Shortage of water has been termed as the main impediment to the practicing of agriculture. The second issue, which is perhaps more broad, concerns the scarcity of water. This scarcity jeopardizes the production of food. Reliance on primary agriculture in most parts of the world makes water an essential factor in the production of food. In most parts of the developing world, there is a lot of reliance on the rain as a source of water for agriculture and the production of food. With the changing patterns of rainfall as a result of climate change and the effects of environmental pollution, the sequence of rainfall keeps changing, thereby impeding the practice of agriculture. Secondary means of water supply are impeded by the lack of technology and resources. This results in the problem of food insecurity. Conflicts over natural resources also arise as a result of the strife for favourable land for agriculture (Behnassi, Draggan, and Sanni, 25). Farming/ toxic farming Farming cannot be done without supply of water. The growth in the challenge of water supply results in the constriction of farming activities in most of the regions of the world. The shrinkage in farming has several implications for local communities in different parts of the world. One of the main implications of minimal farming activities is reduction in the amount of food supply. The other notable th ing is that the lack of active farming weakens the economic base of communities, thus predisposing them to a series of other social derived conditions. However, different tactics of producing food are deployed by population in the regions with scarcity of safe water. Some of the methods that are deployed in farming are argued to be unsound for agriculture production since they result in the production of food that has toxic substances and unfit for human consumption. This is what is referred to as toxic farming (Schulzov, HajÃ… ¡lov, Botek and Peroutka 2763). According to Bilibio, Hensel and Selbach (356), more than ten percent of the global population consumes food that is produced using toxic water. This is a critical observation as people continue to seek for alternative means of enhancing the production of food. An example is the use of sewer water in urban areas to irrigate vegetables. The toxic chemical compounds in the water are often deposited in the food that is produced, m aking the food harmful for human consumption. Also, the natural sources of water like rivers that are deemed to have clean water are no longer safer sources of water since the water is contaminated with chemical deposits that are released from industries that are mushrooming across the world. Animals are also affected by the population of water, thus they are also exposed to diseases (Bilibio, Hensel and Selbach 357). The seemingly solutions to water shortage in agriculture As mentioned earlier, there are a lot of efforts that have been directed towards attaining a solution to the problem of water shortage in agriculture. The most critical question that ought to be posed at this point is how sustainable the solutions are, amidst the growing challenges of environmental conservation. One of the solutions to the scarcity of water for agriculture has been the construction of water reservoirs like dams in the tropics. However, dams have outstanding negative impacts on water ecosystems. A mong the impacts is the increased concentration of mud/sand flats, which encrypts on the survival of the animal species like fish. This implies that the solutions that are devised are not workable since they result in other complexities that hinder food security. The balance of flora and fauna in ecosystems where dams and other water reservoirs are built cannot be guaranteed. (Thorpe 244). Population Growth and urbanization Demand for energy The growth of population results in population pressure. Population pressure means that the carrying capacity of the ecosystem is far less than the amount of the population that is accommodated in by ecosystems. A common example of this problem is witnessed in urban centres. The growth in the number of people in urban centres results in the increase in demand for resources in the urban centres. Resources that are demanded for in the urban areas include water, food and energy. The scarcity of water in the urban centres is attributed to the popula tion pressure, which supersedes the capacity of the institutions that are responsible for supplying water in the urban areas. As observed earlier, scarcity of water results in unhygienic conditions, which brings about water-based diseases. The other angle to the issue of urbanization and water scarcity is that the demand for energy in the urban centres keeps growing with the increase in the number of people moving into urban areas. These cases are common in the developing world (Mathew et al. 7444). Growth in urbanization and pollution According to Mathew et al. (7445), urban centres are deemed to be the main location for industries, which give people employment. With the reliance on water as the main source of energy in the urban areas of the developing nations, it becomes quite challenging to meet the demand for energy. The rationale behind this observation is that the need for energy keeps rising amidst a constant or even in some cases a reduction in the main resource that is use d to generate energy- hydroelectricity. The number of industries in the developing world is growing. The number of people is also growing. This denotes a swell in the demand for energy. The available options of power generation seem to be expensive, leaving the water-drawn power as the main source of power for industries and for domestic consumption. Increased industrialization puts pressure on the available water resources by virtue of the number of people who reside in the urban centres. The other dimension to the problem of increased industrialization is that the amount of pollution rises with the rise in the level of industrialization in a given country. A proper mechanism of disposing of toxic waste gases and other substances from industries has not been fully developed. This case prevails both in the developed world, which has a higher number of industries, as well as the developing world, which has fewer numbers of industries. Water is often on the receiving end when it comes to contamination from industries. There are other direct impacts of industrial actions on water resources. An example that can be given in this case is the BP Oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Both industries and population pressure combine, resulting in massive pollution of the available sources of clean water. These two factors are the primary sources of pollution of water resources (Mathew et al.7445). Urge to save water in urban areas Urban populations are encouraged to save water as a means of conserving water resources in the urban areas. Water saving is used a means of augmenting the supply of water amidst the problems of water shortage on urban areas. The main concern over the usage of water in the urban areas is whether the demand can meet the needs of the urban population. This is what can allow the urban populations to save water, thus conserving this precious resource. Water conservation is a misnomer, considering the rate at which urbanization and industrialization are taking place and the scale of pollution that results from households and industries in the urban populations. Initiatives of saving water have materialized in a substantial number of the developed countries (Thoren, Atwater and Berube 1202). Ways of Conserving water Cooperating in water conservation Water conservation has been one of the main areas of focus by a substantial number of environmental scientists across the world. The reason why researchers focus on the area of water conservation is that it is the main means of conserving water resources amidst the rise in the demand for clean water across the world. The level of participation of diverse groups in conserving water is quite pleasing. This denotes the scale of the impact of the destruction of the global ecosystem, which calls for the application of ecological economics in the attendance of the desired state of the ecology. The cooperation in the conservation of water is quite broad. It ranges from collaboration in the deve lopment and exchange of water conservation technology to the support in capacity building of populations. Both technology and the creation of awareness among the population are playing out well in as far as the conservation of water is concerned. Different stakeholders, among them national governments, local populations, local organizations, non-governmental organizations and academic institutions are working together to ensure that there is a high level of water conservation (â€Å"Public Participation in Water Demand Management and Conservation† 60). Water infrastructure and training Part of the efforts of dealing with the impacts of unsafe water consumption ought to be directed towards the development of water infrastructure. Part of the initiatives in dealing with such problems is ensuring the delivery of clean water through the construction of water lines in order to deliver clean and safe water to populations in both rural and urban areas. The other critical thing in cu rbing the problem of safe water scarcity is the training of populations on water purification and conservation techniques. However, a number of challenges are witnessed in training and empowerment. The challenges revolve around the scarcity of resources to sustain such initiatives (Heare 24). Conclusion Water is one of the most critical resources for the sustenance of human beings and other living creatures. Scarcity of water has been termed as one of the main problems that are facing people in the world. The scarcity of clean water has a negative connotation on the supply of other human necessities like food, energy and sanitation. The problem of scarcity of clean water is compounded by a number of activities like industrial development and urbanization, which result in the pollution of the available clean water sources. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that shortage of clean water remains to be one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Most of the efforts that are directed at solving the problem do not target the underlying issues like pollution, which is one of the key factors in limiting the availability of safe water for consumption. Therefore, a number of issues need to be addressed in order to limit the problem of clean water shortage, which causes a lot of pressure in human population groups. The first thing that needs to be done is paying attention to the root causes of the problem of scarcity of safe water. The main problem of water scarcity is the pollution of the environment. Addressing the issue of pollution is one of the means of curbing the pollution of the available sources of clean water. A lot of efforts have been directed towards the development and application of water conservation technologies. There is need for increased cooperation in the minimization of pollution, which is one of the means through which water resources become unfit for consumption. There is also need to increase research in the field of ecolog ical economics to develop more solutions and better techniques for utilizing water for production like it is used in agriculture. Such solutions have to be built around the populations in areas that have water problems. Basani, Marcello, Jonathan Isham and Barry Reilly. â€Å"The Determinants of Water Connection and Water Consumption: Empirical Evidence from a Cambodian Household Survey.† World Development 36.5(2008): 953-968. Print. Behnassi, Mohamed, Sidney Draggan, and Yaya H. Sanni. Global Food Insecurity: Rethinking Agricultural and Rural Development Paradigm and Policy. Dordrecht: Springer, 2011. Print. Bilibio, Carolina, Oliver Hensel and Jeferson Francisco Selbach. Sustainable Water Management in the Tropics and Subtropics -And Case Studies in Brazil. Vol. I. Fundacao Universidade Federal do Pampa: Brazil, 2011. Print. Heare, Steve. â€Å"Achieving Sustainable Water Infrastructure.† American Water Works Association Journal 99.4(2007): 24-26. Print. Juuti, Pe tri S. Environmental History of Water: Global Views on Community Water Supply and Sanitation. London: IWA Publ, 2007. Print. Mathew et al. â€Å"Fracking vs Faucets: Balancing Energy Needs and Water Sustainability at Urban Frontiers.† Environmental Science Technology 46.14(2012): 7444-7445. Public Participation in Water Demand Management and Conservation. Civil Engineering: Magazine of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering 16.11(2008):59-62. Print. Robert, B. Jackson et al. â€Å"Water in a Changing World.† Ecological Applications 11.4(2001): 1027-1045. Print. Schulzov, VÄ›ra, Jana HajÃ… ¡lov, Petr Botek and Radek Peroutka. â€Å"Furanocoumarins In Vegetables: Influence of Farming System and Other Factors on Levels of Toxicants.† Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 87.15(2007): 2763-2767. Print. Third World Academy of Sciences. Safe Drinking Water: The Need, the Problem, Solutions and an Action Plan, 2002. Web. Thoren, Ryan I, Jim Atw ater and Pierre Berube. â€Å"A model for analyzing water reuse and resource recovery potential in urban areas.† Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39.11(2012): 1202-1209. Print. Thorpe, Gary S. Ap Environmental Science. Hauppauge, N.Y: Barrons Educational Series, 2009. Print. Tulchinsky, Theodore H, and Elena Varavikova. The New Public Health. Amsterdam: Elsevier / Academic Press, 2009. Print. UNICEF and World Health Organization. Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation 2012 Update, 2013. Web. Webber, Roger. Communicable Disease Epidemiology and Control: A Global Perspective. Wallingford, Oxfordshire: Cabi, 2009. Print. Yang et al. â€Å"Global Distribution of Outbreaks of Water-Associated Infectious Diseases.† PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6.2(2012): 1483-1490. Print.

Iron in the Industrial Revolution

Iron in the Industrial Revolution Iron was one of the most basic requirements of the rapidly industrializing British economy, and the country certainly had plenty of raw materials. However, in 1700, the iron industry was not efficient and most iron was imported into Britain. By 1800, after technical developments, the iron industry was a net exporter. Iron in the 18th Century The pre-revolution iron industry was based on small, localized production facilities sited near essential ingredients such as water, limestone, and charcoal. This produced multiple small monopolies on production and a set of small iron producing areas like South Wales. While Britain had good iron ore reserves, the iron produced was of low quality with plenty of impurities, limiting its use. There was plenty of demand but not much was produced as wrought iron, which had many of the impurities hammered out, took a long time to make, and was available in cheaper imports from Scandinavia. Thus, there was a bottleneck for industrialists to solve. At this stage, all the techniques of iron smelting were old and traditional and the key method was the blast furnace, used from 1500 onward. This was relatively quick  but produced brittle iron. Did the Iron Industry Fail Britain? There is a traditional view that the iron industry failed to satisfy the British market from 1700 to 1750, which instead had to rely on imports and couldn’t advance. This was because iron simply couldn’t meet demand and over half of the iron used came from Sweden. While the British industry was competitive in war, when the costs of imports rose, peace was problematic. The size of furnaces remained small in this era, limited output, and the technology was dependent upon the amount of timber in the area. As transport was poor, everything needed to be close together, further limiting production. Some small ironmasters tried to group together to get around this issue, with some success. In addition, British ore was plentiful but contained lots of sulfur and phosphorous, which made brittle iron. The technology to deal with this problem was lacking. The industry was also highly labor-intensive and, while the labor supply was good, this produced a very high cost. Consequently, British iron was used for cheap, poor quality items like nails. The Development of the Industry As the industrial revolution developed, so did the iron industry. A set of innovations, from different materials to new techniques, allowed iron production to expand greatly. In 1709, Darby became the first man to smelt iron with coke (which is made from heating coal). Although this was a key date, the impact was limited - as the iron was still brittle. Around 1750, a steam engine was first used to pump water back up to power a water wheel. This process only lasted a small time as the industry became better able to move around as coal took over. In 1767, Richard Reynolds helped costs fall and raw material travel farther by developing the first iron rails, although this was superseded by canals. In 1779, the first all-iron bridge was built, really demonstrating what could be done with enough iron, and stimulating interest in the material. The construction relied on carpentry techniques. Watt’s rotary action steam engine in 1781 helped increase the furnace size and was used for bellows, helping to boost production. Arguably, the key development came in 1783-4, when Henry Cort introduced the puddling and rolling techniques. These were ways of getting all the impurities out of iron  and allowing large-scale production, and a vast increase in it. The iron industry began to relocate to coal fields, which usually had iron ore nearby. Developments elsewhere also helped to boost iron by stimulating demand, such as the increase in steam engines (which needed iron), which in turn boosted iron innovations as one industry bred new ideas elsewhere. Another major development was the Napoleonic Wars, due to increased demand by the military for iron and the effects of Napoleon’s attempted blockade of British ports in the Continental System. From 1793 to 1815, British iron production quadrupled. Blast furnaces got bigger. In 1815, when peace broke out, the price of iron and demand fell, but by then Britain had become the largest European producer of iron. The New Iron Age 1825 has been called the start of the new Iron Age, as the iron industry experienced a massive stimulation from the heavy demand for railways, which needed iron rails, iron in the stock, bridges, tunnels and more. Meanwhile, civilian use increased, as everything which could be made of iron began to be in demand, even window frames. Britain became renowned for railway iron. After the initial high demand in Britain dropped, the country exported iron for railway construction abroad. The Iron Revolution in History British iron production in 1700 was 12,000 metric tons a year. This rose to over two million by 1850. Although Darby is sometimes cited as the major innovator, it was Cort’s new methods which had the major effect and his principles are still used today. The location of the industry experienced as big a change as that of production and technology, as businesses were able to move to coalfields. But the effects of innovation in other industries on iron (and in coal and steam) cannot be overstated, and neither can the effect of iron developments on them.

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde written by Robert Louis Essay

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde written by Robert Louis Stevenson - Essay Example Jekyll’s counter part, Mr. Hyde, a very important character in the story is rather like a synonym for iniquitous personality. A quote from page 40 reads like this, â€Å"Mr. Hyde was pale and dwarfish, he gave an impression of deformity without any nameable malformation, he had a displeasing smile, he had borne himself to the lawyer with a sort of murderous mixture of timidity and boldness, and he spoke with a husky, whispering and somewhat broken voice† (Stevenson, Chapter, 2). One can easily identify the deliberate attempts the author makes to exhibit the villain in Mr. Hyde. Take the following for reference; Mr. Earnfield describes to Utterson how the creature trampled over a child in the street-â€Å"and then came the horrible part of the thing; for the man trampled calmly over the childs body and left her screaming on the ground. It sounds nothing to hear, but it was hellish to see. It wasnt like a man; it was like some damned Juggernaut† (Chapter, 1). It gives the greatest visual effect of a narration- here, a man is a brute personified! Irony of the expression is that the narrator calls the Mr. Hyde ‘a man’ and ‘a juggernaut’ at the same time. There is another example of how Mr. Stevenson visualizes the wicked image of a true brute. Hyde’s encounter with an old guy referred in page 47 runs like this, â€Å"he broke out in a great flame of anger, stamping with his foot, brandishing the cane, and carrying on (as the maid described it) like a madman., †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..the bones were audibly shattered and the body jumped upon the roadway†(Stevenson, chapter, 4). It shows the maximum of severity that an individual can posses. It is definitely indisputable that the character of Mr. Hyde is the reflection of the devilish mindset of human. There can be probably nothing more brutal about anyone than killing a fellow being for insistent

Pros and Cons of Managed Care Plans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pros and Cons of Managed Care Plans - Essay Example This benefits the beneficiaries of the plans (Kongstvdt, 2007). Managed care plans are beneficial in preventive measures. The people who have benefited from managed care plans are more likely to receive vaccinations and thus less likely to fall ill. This reduces the amount of resources spent in medical attention. However, managed care plans have areas that need improvement. First, managed care plans provide for cream skimming that ensures that only the healthiest people subscribe to the programs. This locks out people who are able and willing to pay the premiums and divides the society into groups based on their health status.   Managed care plans can limit the patient’s use of services by controlling the physicians’ motivation (Health Strategy, 2010). These plans do so by controlling the amount of incentives they offer to the physicians. Physicians’ incentives should be standard, and beneficiaries should receive quality medical services at all times (Kongstvdt , 2007). Competition among managed care plans may lead to a decrease in the quality of health care services provided to beneficiaries.   All the managed care plans will seek to enroll the healthiest people and, therefore, the programs that fail to recruit such people may be driven out of the market. Managed care plans also give physicians an opportunity to alter the way their treatment to people who are not subscribed to the plans so that they can use high concentration services. This will increase revenue to the managed care plans at the expense of patients.

Sunshine State Essay Example for Free

Sunshine State Essay Sunshine state is a movie which talks about racial differences, nature and cooperation. Sunshine state was set in Plantation Island which is in Florida. The island is a evidence of a notorious racial segregation. The African-American lives in the vicinity of Lincoln beach while the whites are situated in Delrona Beach. The movie focuses on the two aspects: real estate development which sacrifices the nature and racial segregation. A large scale corporate development is altering the lives of two communities: one black and the other white. The coastline of Plantation Island is planned to develop and turned into an upscale resort; however the local inhabitants have different opinions regarding the development. Mary Temple, is the six generation who owns a motel at Delrona beach. She is tempted to sell her property however her parental obedience is preventing her to sell it. Her former husband, Steve wants the motel to be sold immediately because of the value it possesses. The environment was portrayed as a money generating machine, but the local see it as a symbol of their cultural heritage. They already got used to place they were living and they do not want progress because they know that progress can change their lifestyle They are not prepared for a change that would destroy the only thing that reminds them of their past. One of the golfer said that the environment is overrated. I do not agree to this statement. The environment is not given too much hype; it is how it should be. I believe that the environment should stay the way as it is, undisturbed and preserved. The environment does not deserve to be improved nor be destroyed just for the satisfaction of men. The coastline of Plantation Island should be preserved because it represents the people who are living there. John Sayles’ did a great job in this movie; though it may look a little dull John Sayles has successfully impart the message of the film. I like how Sayles used different characters to get the audiences’ attention. The commentaries of the golf players were hilarious. It was something that got me attach to the movie. The subplot was a lackluster; I don’t see how it was related to the main plot. Overall, the movie is a good eye opener for people who believed that progress is a solution to the rising problem economic problem. Progress is not a solution, it is just a innovation that only solves the immediate problem but does not necessarily solve the root of the problem. Work Cited Seamon, David. Place, Placelessnes, Insideness and Outsideness in John Sayle’s Sunshine State. Journal of Media Geography.

The Journey of Lily in Sue Monk Kidds The Secret Life of Bees Essay

The Journey of Lily in Sue Monk Kidd's The Secret Life of Bees The devastating tragedy of losing a person's mother at an early age can drastically affect that person's life. It can impact the way someone thinks, corresponds with others, and the way someone handles themselves emotionally. In the novel The Secret Life of Bees Lily Owens loses her mother at the early age of four. During Lily's journey she finds comfort and support in the women that she meets. Throughout the novel Lily goes through many changes because of the impact of the motherly figures of the Black Mary, Rosaleen, and the Calendar Sisters. During Lily's journey the Black Mary helps change Lily's life by providing structure. The ritual of the Calendar Sisters, Rosaleen, and Lily praying before the Black Mary everyday provides Lily with time to focus on her emotions and thoughts. Structure gives Lily a routine with helps her stay organized. "'I reached out and traced Black Mary's heart with my finger'" (Monk Kidd 164). Lily is able to touch the Black Mary on her second attempt. This gives Lily as physical connection to the Black Mary, which she never had with her real mother. The Black Mary acts like a silent mother towards Lily because Lily can connect with the Black Mary physically, but not as much socially. Lily can relate to the Black Mary socially but only through prayer, which is not as strong of a connection as the physical aspect. After Lily learns about the stories that tell the Black Mary's past, she can relate to the Black Mary even more. "'You know, she's really just the figurehead off an old ship, b ut the people needed comfort and rescue, so when they looked at it, they saw Mary, and so the spirit of Mary took over'" (141). When L... ... (243). Lily received a lot of love that gave her hope and made her feel good about herself. Instead of having one mother, Lily had three. Which she felt was the best thing for her. "All these mothers. I have more mothers than eight girls off the street. They are the moons shining over me" (302). Through Lily's life journeys and lessons she learns to appreciate the small things in life and thank those who care. The impact of the Black Mary, Rosaleen and the Calendar Sisters help Lily go through positive changes. Even though Lily lost her mother at an early age, she still had the opportunity to have a great life. Lily was lucky to have the love and support of the many women that are in her life. Lily had a great life and fit into the African American culture perfectly. Works Cited: Kidd, Sue Monk. The Secret Life of Bees. New York: Penguin, 2002.

Nursing Rounds

Nursing rounds are given separate names according to thepurpose they serve . a)Information giving rounds :It is used to acquaint the staff with all patients on the wardor division . b)Instructional rounds :Here the nurse is expected to read the charts and come torounds with basic information in mind . c)Problem solving rounds: This is to help the nursing staff learn to conduct initialinterviews make assessment of patient’s needs and identifynursing care problems . Purposes of nursing rounds :1. To demonstrate symptoms important in nursing care . 2. Clarify terminology studied . 3.To compare patient’s reaction to disease and study thedisease conditions. 4. To demonstrate effects of drugs i. e. indication ,actions andreactions of drugs . 5. To illustrate skillful nursing care . 6. To compare method of meeting nursing needs and to havebetter understanding and to give more purposeful care topatients. 7. To illustrate successful improvisation and to give opportunityfor the u se of different applications . Factors to be kept in mind when planning nursing rounds : 1. To consult student’s previous clinical experience to avoidrepetition and to add to earlier experience . 2.Keep in mind the probable value and availability of clinicalmaterial . 3. If some demonstration is done ,it should not have adeleterious effect on the patient . 4. Explain the plan to the patient . 5. Introduce the patient to the group . 6. Make the patient feel important . 7. Have post conference for summary and further explanation . 8. Record the nursing rounds in the ward teaching records witha summary of nursing points stressed . Advantages of nursing rounds :1. Demonstration of symptoms2. To clarify terminology †¢ Herpes simplex †¢ Anemic pallor3. Effects of drugs †¢ Allergic reactions †¢Side effect4. Skillful nursing care †¢ Progressing improvement of bedsore †¢ Maintenance of adequate fluid intake (oral)5. Successful improvisation †¢ Use of a chair as backrest †¢ Device for support of ice bag6. Posture and position as indicated for individual patients †¢ Neutral position †¢ Position for surgical soak †¢ Fowlers position †¢ Position for CCF. In nursing rounds ,a small group of staff or students preferablynot more than 4 or 5 and a leader or a teacher visit the bedside of patient. Preparation by the head nurse: The head nurse selects the patients before hand accordingto the time available .Rounds not lost longer than an hour . Thehead nurse needs to read the patient’s histories ,know the planfor their treatment and its results the patient’s progress andprognosis ,their nursing care and its effectiveness . She shouldpost the time for rounds at least a week in advance and indicatethe type of preparation the nurse is to make ,that in whether sheis to know thoroughly the history care and progress of her ownpatients or briefly that of all patients in the ward . The central figure in nur sing round is the patient .If thepurpose of the sound is instructional or problem solving thepatient will be included in the discussion. Method of Conducting Nursing Rounds:A brief conference at the side of the patient’s room/word has to beheld. Necessary data are given. The purpose of the visit to thepatient is by the head nurse, special observation to be madeor pointed out at this time. 4 to 5 patients are selected forinstruction. 4-5 minutes are apent. The head nurse herself maypresent the uses or she may ask the students who are assigned tothese patients to answer the questions of the group or herquestions.The students are asked to present the cases regarding otherparticulars. The participants may also be involved such ascounting pulse, respiration, examining the conjunctive, pitting,edema etc. The patient’s case sheet can also be utilized withpresentation. Thank the patient before leaving and tidy up thebed. Post Conference:The presentation is summarized and furth er explanation if any, may be given, questions are invited from the students. 5. NURSING ASSIGNMENT:Assignment in the clinical field is the nursing education cumservice. Definition:It is the past of learning experience where the students areassigned with patients or other activities concerning to patientsin clinical laboratory. ? Objectives:1. To provide the patient with the best possible nursing care. 2. To plan assignments which are interesting to n beheld. Necessary data are given. The purpose of the visit to thepatient is by the head nurse, special observation to be madeor pointed out at this time. 4 to 5 patients are selected forinstruction. 4-5 minutes are apent.The head nurse herself maypresent the uses or she may ask the students who are assigned tothese patients to answer the questions of the group or herquestions. The students are asked to present the cases regarding otherparticulars. The participants may also be involved such ascounting pulse, respiration, examining the c onjunctive, pitting,edema etc. The patient’s case sheet can also be utilized withpresentation. Thank the patient before leaving and tidy up thebed. Post Conference:The presentation is summarized and further explanation if any, may be given, questions are invited from the students. . NURSING ASSIGNMENT:Assignment in the clinical field is the nursing education cumservice. ? Definition:It is the past of learning experience where the students areassigned with patients or other activities concerning to patientsin clinical laboratory. ? Objectives:1. To provide the patient with the best possible nursing care. 2. To plan assignments which are interesting to nurses andstimulating to their professional growth. 3. To provide a well rounded educational experience forstudent nurses. 4. Achieving good ward management. Methods of Assignment:1. The patient method2. The functional method3. The team method1. Patient method:In this method of assignment a nurse is expected togive complete nursi ng care to one or more patients includinggeneral nursing measures, treatment, medications, takingtemperature, pulse, respiration, serving nourishments and givinghealth instructions. If she goes on â€Å"off duty† her group of patientsin taken over by another nurse for the period of her absence inorder that the patient may still receive individualized care. 2.The Functional method:In the nurses are assigned to specific functions in the wardsuch as giving medications or treatment to all patients, takingthe temperature of all or giving general nursing care to a groupof individuals. Most hospitals which use the patient methodmodify it to some period of the day such as evenings andnights when a few nurses are on duly. 4. Team method of assignment: Nursing care is given to the patients with team conferenceby all the members of the team. Nursing leader supervises andguides the team in giving quality nursing care.The principlesrelative to making assignments within the team will inclu de†¦. 1 . In planning the patient care a well qualified team members areinvolved in which amount and type of responsibility, a studentcan assume depends upon a stage of her education. 2. All the physical needs and treatment are given by the samenurse but the specific treatment is given by professional nurse. 3. When two persons are needed to give a patient certain care itis often well for the team leader to be one of the two.Whenassisting a team member, the leader has an opportunity toobserve the condition of the patient, work of student and aid andrelationship with the patient and at the same time he can teachthem. Criteria for effective Assignment:i. Students are to be informed of the objectives of theirassignment to a particular ward/unit of the area/hospital forclinical experience. ii. Students are to be oriented to new clinical area. iii. Students are to be given the learning experiences which areoutlined in the objectives for particular clinical experiences. v. Students a re to given facilities to practice nursing accordingto principles taught. v. Only recognized wards of the hospital or community are tobe selected for students to achieve required learningexperience. vi. Assignments have to be assigned according to the consistentlevel of learning that students have reached or attained. vii. Proper guidance and supervisor has to be provided to thestudent during their clinical experience. viii. Sufficient time to be provided to carryourses andstimulating to their professional growth.

Florida Department of Management Services Essay

Introduction In the early 1990s, the Florida Department of Management Services (DMS) had built up a large information systems network that served state government agencies in 10 regional sites and connected these to the data center in Tallahassee. The network was based on the use of the proprietary Systems Network Architecture (SNA) from IBM and a mainframe at the data center that housed most of the applications. Body 1. Analyze the security mechanisms needed to protect the DMS systems from both state employees and users accessing over the Internet. Two security mechanisms needed to protect the DMS systems are Virtual Private Networks and IP Security. According to Stalling (2009) Virtual Private Networks (VPN) makes use of encryption and special protocols to provide security for those using the Internet or some other public network to interconnect sites. These public networks provide an access path for telecommuters and other mobile employees to log on to corporate systems from remote sites. The state employees would have to use the VPN to access the DMS by authenticating using their work credentials. IP Security (IPSec) provides the capability to secure communications across a LAN, across private and public WANs and across the Internet. Some examples of IPSec are: (1) Secure branch office connectivity over the Internet: A company can build a secure virtual private network over the Internet or ove r a public WAN. This type of business rely heavily on the Internet and reduce its need for private networks, saving costs and network management overhead. (2) Secure remote access over the Internet: An end user whose system is equipped with IP security protocols can make a local call to an Internet service provider (ISP) and gain secure access to a company network. This reduces the cost of toll charges for traveling employees and telecommuters; (3) establishing extranet  and intranet connectivity with partners: IPSec can be used to secure communication with other organizations, ensuring authentication and confidentiality and providing a key exchange mechanism; (4) enhancing electronic commerce security: even though some Web and electronic commerce applications have built-in security protocols, the use of IPSec enhances that security. IPSec guarantees that all traffic designated by the network administrator is both encrypted and authenticated, adding an additional layer of security to whatever is provided at the application layer. Similarly, whether other industries give rise to spheres in which competition takes place in open, intellectual-property-free spaces depends on various factors including the existence in a space of companies with proprietary solutions and the presence of technologies so complex they are vulnerable to inadvertent patent infringement. (Alexy, O., & Reitzig, M. (2012). 2. Critique the transition process performed by the DMS in the case study. Then, recommend two (2) alternatives to the IP infrastructure or applications not already mentioned in the case study. What is there to critique? All DMS did was install some routers and configured them. Can someone please help with this? Maturing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are able to integrate business systems with building management systems for improved management controls (such as consolidated dashboard-type reporting). Driven by business requirements for resource efficiencies and management by measurement’, this business intelligence adaptation has been essential for the business leadership to steer, priorities and justify new investment. Allocating costs for usage, amortizing capital towards specific business causes and employing financial wizardry to get best tax advantage – these all mean that the new generation of ERP tools needs to be ‘facilities-aware’. They should come with tools to digest ‘consumption’ data; so, whichever department had most use of video conferencing, or toner ink, or WAN bandwidth, or access to out-of-hours air conditioning – it’s all in the mix now. So many systems – integrated BMS (iBMS), facilities reservation systems, maintenance management systems, cashless vending and EPOS, CCTV and access control – are able to push the mountains of data they generate each day to other central management systems. Now IP networks are at the heart of enabling such data capture, collation and consolidation. (Manivannan, 2012) 3. Critique the merits of  the major services found on the DMS Website. According to the website, DMS is a shared service provider that supports state agencies and state employees through: Human Resource Support and Business Operations: the Department of Management Services is responsible for managing the state personnel system, including: Insurance Benefits, Florida Retirement System, Human Resource Management. DMS strives to provide the high-quality service our customers expect and deserve while decreasing the operating costs of state government so that more resources can be focused where they are needed most. Insurance Benefits-The Division of State Group Insurance (DSGI) offers and manages a comprehensive package of pre- and post-tax health and welfare insurance benefits for active and retired state employees and their families, including: a variety of health insurance options; flexible spending and health savings accounts; life insurance; dental, vision and kind of insurance p roducts. Florida Retirement System=The Division of Retirement (Division) was established to administer the Florida Retirement System (FRS), which was created in December 1970 to consolidate existing state-administered retirement systems. Since its creation, the Divisions responsibilities have expanded to include: administering; monitoring; overseeing; ensuring compliance. Human Resource Management- Florida’s state employees are our most valuable resource. They are the face of state government. The Division of Human Resource Management works with the agency personnel offices to develop human resource policies, practices and strategies. As human resource professionals, it is our responsibility to ensure that the State’s HR policies and practices are designed to attract and support the employees who serve the people of Florida. People First is the state’s self-service, secure, web-based personnel information system and enterprise-wide suite of human resource (HR) services. The system streamlines and automates many of the state’s HR functions and is comprised of the following modules: payroll preparation, attendance and leave, recruitment, benefits administration, human resources management, organizational management. 4. Recommend an additional service to add to the DMS Website. With technology today, there is a increased of the use of portable IP-enabled devices and group content distribution applications on Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). This surge is facilitated by its relative low cost of installation and as such is an attractive option in environments  lacking existing communication infrastructure and/or in times of natural emergencies. DMS would greatly benefits from this because, their employees will be able to access the website for information quicker when they are away from their desk. The WMNs is equally capable of providing high bandwidth access to the web. The capability of the WMNs can be enhanced by reinforcing the system with multicasting and mobility features. However, there are challenges of seamless integration when such existing multicasting and mobility features of MANET and fixed networks are migrated to the WMNs domain. Thus, a wide range of efforts have been directed at finding solutions to these challenges in order to increase the widespread deployment of the WMNs based communication infrastructure. By producing a one volume comprehensive account of incorporating multicasting with mobility support deployable via Wireless Mesh Networks, this work at aiming at research directions in the area of integrated mobile multicasting on Wireless Mesh Networks. (Sanni, Hashim, Anwar & etc,2011). Summary or Conclusion Florida DMS will benefit from the use of WMN added to their IP infrastructures. Every day technology is advancing with new ideas in dealing with communications between people. DMS will continue to succeed in the future. References Stallings, W. (2009). CIS 505: Business Data Communications: Custom edition (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Florida DMS http://www.dms.myflorida.com Manivannan, M. M. (2012). Building around IP. Engineering & Technology (17509637), 7(2), 78-81. doi:10.1049/et.2012.0211 Alexy, O., & Reitzig, M. (2012). Managing the business risks of open innovation. Mckinsey Quarterly, (1), 17-21. Sanni, M. L., Hashim, A. A., Anwar, F. F., Naji, A. W., & Ahmed, G. M. (2011). Mobile Multicast in Wireless Mesh Networks. Australian Journal Of Basic & Applied Sciences, 5(9), 957-966.

Italics or Quote Marks (Formatting Titles)

Italics or Quote Marks (Formatting Titles) Formatting Titles If you need advice about formatting headings in your work, try this post. But if you want to know about formatting titles of other works in your writing (e.g., books or journal articles), you’re in the right place! Read on to find out when to use italics and quote marks for titles in your work. Formatting Titles First, let’s give an example of what we mean. Take the following sentence: Here, â€Å"Game of Thrones† refers to a popular TV show. If we didn’t know this, we might guess from the capitalization, but most style guides also recommend using distinct formatting for titles. This usually means italicizing the title or placing it in quote marks. But when does each apply? Longer Works (Italics) Titles of longer works, such as books or TV shows, are usually italicized: We use italics for Game of Thrones because it refers to an entire TV series. Works that require italics for titles in this manner include: Books and book-length poems Journals, newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals Entire websites and blogs Movies, radio programs, and TV shows Plays, musicals, and other stage shows Paintings, statues, and other works of art Music albums and other long recordings Importantly, all of these are standalone works (i.e., published by themselves rather than as part of a larger whole). So, for example, you would italicize the name of a blog (e.g., Jenny’s Cooking Blog), but not the name of a post taken from that blog (e.g., â€Å"How to Make Beef Stroganoff†). Were 90% sure this is beef stroganoff and not dog food. Shorter Works (Quote Marks) With shorter works that are part of a larger whole, titles should be given in quotation marks. An episode of Game of Thrones, for instance, would be written as follows: Here, the formatting lets us instantly distinguish between an episode title and the show title. Quotation marks are also used when referring to titles of: Chapters from books or edited volumes Articles from newspapers, magazines, journals and other periodicals Particular pages from a website or posts from a blog Individual poems, short stories, and other short literary works Single episodes from a TV series Songs and other short recordings Unpublished writing (regardless of length) With most of these, the key is that they’re published as part of a longer work or series. The only exception to this is unpublished writing (e.g., a PhD dissertation or an unpublished manuscript). Beware Exceptions! As with most rules in writing, there are exceptions to these guidelines about formatting titles. For example, APA has different rules depending on whether a title appears in the main text or the reference list. It is therefore always worth checking your style guide to see if it has specific requirements.

50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes

50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes 50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes 50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes By Mark Nichol Here is a list of expressions that refer to one’s legs or feet or their parts, and the meaning of each idiom. 1. One’s Achilles’ heel is one’s weakness. 2. To be bound hand and foot is to be literally or figuratively tied up. 3. To bring one to heel is to subdue someone. 4. To go somewhere by or on foot is to walk or hike there. 5. To cool one’s heels is to pause to calm down or think before doing something rash. 6. To dig in one’s heels is to be obstinate. 7. One who doesn’t have a leg to stand on is unsupported by evidence or corroboration. 8. To drag one’s feet is to delay. 9. To find one’s feet is to become accustomed or oriented. 10. To be fleet of foot is to be fast. 11. To foot the bill is to accept financial responsibility. 12. To get down on your knees means to figuratively submit or ask for forgiveness. 13.–14. To get one’s feet wet is to have a modest or mild introductory experience; to put one’s toe in the water is to do so even more hesitantly. 15.–16. To get or start off on the right foot is to make a good first impression or to act productively soon after beginning an endeavor, and to get or start off on the wrong foot is to leave a poor first impression or act counterproductively soon after beginning an endeavor. 17. To get one’s sea legs to become accustomed to the pitch and roll of a marine vessel or, by extension, to become used to a situation. 18. To have a foot in the door is to have an advantage that will enable one to obtain a desired result. 19. To have foot-in-mouth disease is to habitually make awkward or inappropriate comments. 20. To have one’s feet in both camps is to be opportunistically sympathetic to two opposing viewpoints. 21. To have feet of clay is to have a hidden flaw or weakness (an allusion to the fragility of clay). 22. To have itchy feet is to be restless. 23. To have one foot in the grave is to be in poor health or near death. 24. To have two left feet is to feel clumsy. 25. To have the world at one’s feet is to be afforded an opportunity for rewarding experiences. 26. â€Å"Head to toe† means â€Å"entirely† or â€Å"thoroughly.† 27. To keep one’s feet on the ground is to remain realistic and responsible. 28. To keep someone on one’s toes is to do or say one or more things that cause the person to remain alert or attentive. 29. â€Å"Knee-high to a grasshopper† is a colorfully exaggerated expression referring to being a small child. 30. To land on one’s feet is to recover from a setback. 31. â€Å"My foot† is an idiom for expressing skepticism. 32. One who is on his or her last legs is in a state of exhaustion or near the point of giving up. 33. To pull someone’s leg is to deceive them for humorous effect. 34. To pull the rug from under one’s feet is to be deprived of support or disoriented by a sudden action; to have the rug pulled under one’s feet is to be the victim of such an action. â€Å"Have the ground cut out from under one’s feet† has the same meaning. 35. To put one’s best foot forward is to make a good impression. 36. To put one foot in front of the other is to begin a laborious undertaking. 37. To put one’s foot in it is to do or say something that gets one into an unfortunate situation, suggestive of stepping into an unpleasant substance. 38. To put one’s foot in one’s mouth is to say something awkward or inappropriate. 39. To put one’s feet up is to relax. 40. To put one’s foot down is to be insistent. 41. To put one’s foot to the floor is to suddenly hurry or increase one’s speed. 42. To set foot somewhere is to go into that place. 43. To shoot oneself in the foot is to do or say something disadvantageous to one’s own interests. 44. To stand on one’s own two feet is to act or live independently. 45. To step, or tread, on someone’s toes is to impinge on that person’s authority or responsibility or interfere with the person’s actions. 46. â€Å"The shoe is on the other foot† means that a situation has been reversed so that one who had been responsible for another’s misfortune is now suffering the same misfortune. 47. To think on one’s feet is to solve a problem reflexively or spontaneously. 48. To toe the line is to remain within the bounds of proper behavior or conduct. 49. To wait for the other shoe to drop is to be in expectation of receiving further developments or news. 50. To wait on someone hand and foot is to serve that person continuously. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your StoryFive Spelling Rules for "Silent Final E"Charles's Pen and Jesus' Name

Macroeconomics in unemployment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macroeconomics in unemployment - Research Paper Example This paper is the best example of the thorough examination of such important macroeconomic factor as unemployment. People are considered to be unemployed when they are not actively doing productive work Unemployment rates are volatile and the other macroeconomic indicators play significant roles. Unemployment is a macroeconomic factor that is highly determined by other macroeconomic factors and its effects are widely felt across an economy. Several types of unemployment exist but four are majorly explored. The first one is seasonal unemployment that occurs due to differing needs of the hiring industries. Firms will hire employees during peak seasons when more production is required and retrench some of their employees during low seasons. The second type of unemployment is frictional employment and arises due to shifting of jobs by workers. It is also referred to as search unemployment because it normally takes time for an individual to secure a job after quitting one or after finishing their studies. Structural unemployment is another type and is caused by changes in technology and the structure of the economy. The fourth unemployment type is referred to as cyclical unemployment and results from changes in business environments It is important for an economy to maintain low rates of unemployment. The most important reason for this is economic consequences of unemployment such as the measure of the lost goods and services that the unemployed population could be contributing to the economy had they been employed. The scope of unemployment identifies wide initiatives such as governments’ monetary and fiscal policies to influence economic activities and other macroeconomic indicators towards sustainable employments rates. ... Low interest rates encourage borrowings for investments and private use. This further increases consumption and facilitates investment as firms are encouraged explore investment opportunities. This â€Å"redirect output towards its full –employment potential† (Stoup, Sobel, & Macpherson, 2009, p. 227). High interest rates from factors such as inflation or increased demand for financial services make investment expensive. The overall impact of the increased interest rates is therefore a contracted economy with lost employment opportunities towards higher unemployment rates (Stoup, Sobel, & Macpherson, 2009). There also exists a significant association between unemployment and an economy’s gross domestic product. The gross domestic product refers to the measure of all goods and services produced by an economy within a period, normally a year. Changes in the GDP will therefore reflect conditions of the labour market because the labour force generates realized produc tions. A fall in gross domestic product indicates a rise in the rate of unemployment, whether real or virtual. This occurs because if businesses resort to producing fewer goods and services, then some of the workers lose their jobs hence rise in unemployment. An increase in gross domestic product however associated with increased activity levels that further indicate lower unemployment rates (Mankiw, 2012). Unemployment also relates to consumer price index, a measure of the change in price of goods and services that are bought by individual consumers. The index also keeps track of changes in the cost of living. Low unemployment rates increase average economic potentials and this changes the consumer price

Compare two Human Resource Information System (HRIS) software Term Paper

Compare two Human Resource Information System (HRIS) software - Term Paper Example In some cases, it also takes care of expenses and reimbursements for the employees. This module takes input from the time and attendance for the employee attendance, compensation management and employee information database. Time & Attendance – This module involves implementation of shift management, time-sheets, leave quota management, and leave approval/rejection. In an advanced system, this is integrated with attendance tracking systems like biometric or punch cards. Performance Management – This module is used to measure the performance of all the employees in the organization. The performance management system is linked to the learning management system to identify appropriate learning courses in order to improve the performance. Learning management – This module is made to ensure that the employees are continuously learning. This module enables the organization to have a defined learning catalogue and employees to register for learning in order to learn new skills or add to the existing one. Employee and HR Self-service – This is a web based portal that ensures that all the employees and HR can access their authorized area of the HRIS over web. An employee or an HR can log into the portal and carry out her activities from the system over web. There are a large number of HRIS available in the market. The market is led by SAP and Oracle PeopleSoft for the larger companies. For small and medium sized firms, there are various other solutions. People-Trak HRMS and BambooHR Software are key players in this market. Most of the HRIS now are available in a SaaS model, where the customer is not required to install anything, not procure any hardware and does not have to make any significant capital investments. This analysis compares the two systems. People-trak HRMS is a product of Technical Difference, Inc. which is involved in developing HR software for the last 20 years. People-track is their most widely used HR system. The