Essay On Joy Harjo - 1641 Words

Originally, stories were told orally generation to generation; they were used to warn, teach, act as entertainment, spread religion, share history, and memories. As writing became more prominent, stories consisted of records, history, some sciences and poems, myths, legends, religious texts, it stayed that way for a long time. The Muskogee people were forced into Oklahoma in the mid-1800s after the trail of tears. Before that, the Creek people had a collection of myths and legends that shared their culture and history. Joy Harjo was born long after the trail of tears but continues to tell imaginative and deep stories much like her ancestor’s. More recently, as writing has become widespread, literature has come to be about anything the†¦show more content†¦King claims â€Å"constant reading will pull you into a place where you can write eagerly and without self-consciousness (JTC 83).† Joe Suina’s And then I went to School allowed readers to understand w hat life might have been like for a child in the pueblo in the 1950’s. The audience can also see Suina’s emotion and reactions to the new experiences and how they conflicted with his family life. Different examples of memoir give readers a glimpse into their lives and learn from them. New directions in Teaching Memoir, published in 2007, by Dawn Latta Kirby and Dan Kirby, would most likely describe Crazy Brave as a â€Å"blurred genre† because it is an example of, â€Å"genre hybridization (that) has been created by writers who merge their ability to write about their observations in the natural world and at the same time, in the same one book, author memoir (Kirby and Kirby)†. Joy Harjo creates an enigmatic childhood history in Crazy Brave. She includes dreams, poems, and mixed time frames to show her emotional and traumatic past. With these examples of memoir, interpretation can begin to become productive. Joy Harjo’s Crazy Brave is a complex example of genre and needs to be deeply analyzed to recognize its full purpose. Barwarshi and Reiff have created a set of guidelines to allow writers to analyze genre; it gives readers, especially beginners, a confident approach to genre. They suggestShow MoreRelatedEssay on Sherman Alexie and Joy Harjo2018 Words   |  9 Pagesbe differing views of storytelling. Sherman Alexie looks at storytelling in How To Write the Great American Novel as that which has been stereotyped and mainstreamed into the dominant culture, while Joy Harjo seems to view storytelling in Deer Dancer as vital to the survival of culture. This essay will examine the storytelling aspects of both works. Alexies poem How To Write the Great American Indian Novel blends several dilemmas at once. Underlying to the poem and the act of writing theRead MoreNative American Paper1353 Words   |  6 Pagesand mythic standards. This assignment will focus on how Native American literature is rooted in storytelling. The selected text of choice for the assignment is â€Å"Indian Boarding School: The Runaways† by Louise Erdrich and â€Å"She Had Some Horses† by Joy Harjo When it comes to Native American Literature the tradition of storytelling was well-known throughout the Native culture. In the place of written language and in order for Native Americans to explain and record their history, the individualsRead MoreThe Path To The Milky Way Leads Through Los Angeles By Joy Hargars Poem Analysis1882 Words   |  8 PagesJoy Harjo’s poem â€Å"The Path to the Milky Way Leads through Los Angeles† is written with the intent to reveal the Native American struggle of having to find a way to submerge themselves into a culture that had been forced upon them. In this poem Harjo an Okmulgee Native has trouble when adjusting to the city of Los Angeles; all while still trying to hold on to her Native American heritage. This displacement of culture is what constitutes the separation between a person and their culture. Removing theRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcoholism On The Native American Population1098 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom his Native Amer ican heritage, a 12-step program, or through simply through fulfilling his role as a poet, Ceremonies of the Damned seems to serve as a confession of sorts. The term â€Å"confession† is used with great hesitancy and caution in this essay, and it implementation is to indicate that it is a cultural occurrence accepted by many religions, communities, and organizations as a beneficial method of personal and spiritual growth. Perhaps, though, a more appropriate word for what Louis attemptsRead MoreEssay on Southeastern Native American Literature1215 Words   |  5 PagesLinda HOGAN (Chickasaw, born 1947), a poet, fiction writer, playwright, and essayist, whose work reflects her tribe’s sense of place and attitude toward the past as well as such contemporary political issues as feminism and environmental issues; and Joy HARJO (Creek, born 1951), a poet and screenplay writer whose work portrays a modern American social landscape from a distinctly Native American perspectiv e. Two distinguished contemporary Native American authors associated with the Southeastern U

How Teaching Communication Is Important for Academics Essay

Essays on How Teaching Communication Is Important for Academics Essay The paper "How Teaching Communication Is Important for Academics" is an outstanding example of an essay on education. Effective communication between two and more individuals is essential as it can help the sender and receiver to understand the messages clearly. There are several important elements that ensure the effectiveness of communication. The communication process can be seen as verbal or non-verbal. Teachers and students should communicate with each other effectively in the academic field in order to enhance the education process. This report will determine how teaching communication is important for academics.   Methodological Review Appropriate and effective research work is required in order to get the basic principles of positive incidents. There are several types of research methods, such as qualitative and quantitative. The article is based on qualitative research methodology as well as on several specific characteristics of this research. Qualitative research methodology can be implemented in a study based on its exploratory nature. Qualitative research generally focuses on in-depth emotional elements and feelings of an individual (Silverman, 2010). In addition to this, qualitative research used to focus on describing the process of defining and measuring variables. Qualitative research generally uses various types of subjective data. In addition to this, it extracts the meaning from these subjective data sets. The article has discussed several types and elements of the communication process. In addition to this, the article subjectively portrayed how effective communication skills can help a student to grow in its personal and professional career. The article followed critical social research approaches in order to understand how people communicate with each other, what communication type they follow and how much it is important for the students to have effective communication skills. This critical social research approach comes under a qualitative research methodology. Looking into these factors, it can be stated that the article is qualitative in its nature. Integrative Review There are several types of communication, such as oral communication, written communication, and interpersonal communication. It is very much important for the students to have significant communication skills. It is true that effective communication skills can help the students to enter successfully in their future careers. In addition to this, it can help to develop the emotional intelligence of students which can help them to minimize the level of difficulties. The teachers should try to make the students understand that communication is important for their future careers. Therefore, the teachers should groom their students in a required manner. It is the responsibility of both teachers and students. However, only communication is not important. The student also should have the ability to observe and listen to others. This particular process can help the students to provide an effective solution to several problems. In the case of speech presentation, managerial proposal or business deal, the students need to be flexible and should get ready to accept unexpected messages from another end. This flexibility can help them to make an effective decision. In addition to this, the teachers should help the students to have the practice of several interpersonal communication activities, such as body language, gesture, facial expression, and posture. These practices will help the students to build a strong image and personality among the colleagues and subordinates.

Treaty of Waitangi Economic and Legal Significance - Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Economic and Legal Significance Treaty of Waitangi. Answer: Introduction The Treaty of Waitangi (the Treaty) is a document whose original copy now lies in display at the National Museum and has been described as New Zealands founding document. In the year 1840, indigenous M ori chiefs together with Queen Victorias representatives executed the treaty which laid down the modalities under which Britain would colonize New Zealand. The treaty was authored by Governor William Hobson, under the instructions of L. Normanby- a British Colonial Secretary. Hobson sought the help of various missionaries who had already set foot in New Zealand and his other aides to draft the treaty in English. The treaty was later translated into the M ori language and then back to the English language which then became the official English version. Critiques have argued that the translations do have a somewhat different meaning; however, it is generally accepted that an exact translation was quite impracticable and the two translations do reflect the spirit and true intention of the Queen. The treaty is divided into four parts: the preamble and three articles. The preamble is cognizant to the fact that at the time of the treatys creation, there were huge influxes of British citizens into New Zealand. To protect the rights of the M ori and to ensure a peaceful coexistence of the M ori and the British settlers, the Queen deemed it necessary to strike an agreement in the form of the treaty with the M ori people. In that spirit, under the first Article, the M ori chiefs ceded authority over New Zealand to the Queen. In the second Article, the queen undertook to protect the proprietary rights of the M ori people and provided that no unjust alienation from their land, treasures and other possessions (tangible of intangible) would occur and that the M ori could only sell their land to the Queens representatives willingly at a negotiated price. Finally, the third Article concluded by a promise that the people of M ori and the British settlers would receive equal treatment by the Queens colonial government. The Treaty of Waitangi Tribunal Even with the letter and spirit of the treaty, there emerged numerous claims of breaches of the treaty especially the guarantees under the second Article and other injustices on the M ori people. As a result, in 1975, the Waitangi Tribunal was formed by the government with the sole responsibility of preparing report and proposing settlement mechanisms for the various claims lodged with the tribunal. Indeed, it was the tribunals findings that successive governments had breached the treaty repeatedly (Johnston, 2011). The tribunal was later faced with a major challenge as regards its relevance in 1977 when the government made it possible for citizens to negotiate settlements without necessarily going through the tribunal. Despite such challenges and others e.g. having limited resources and taking too long to table its reports, the tribunal has managed to produce a vast number of findings which have remedied some of the historical injustices. The following parts shall delve into the economic aspects of the treaty and its relevance to New Zealand business and economics today and the legal implications of the treaty. Economic Significance of the Treaty Signed in 1840, the treaty is 176 years old today. A pertinent question therefore is: what relevance does such an old document have in todays business world? This is quite an emotive question that has attracted various answers. There are those who hold the view that the treaty is of no relevance today by all means while at the same time there are those who hold the view that the treaty remains essential to New Zealand today. Critics of the treaty such as Walker Ranginui criticize the treaty as a confusing document that the M ori people did not fully comprehend and fault the treaty for the conflicts and injustices that had historically been committed upon the M ori (Kuntz, 2014). Other argue that the treaty is holding New Zealand back by delving on the historical injustices instead of moving on and focusing on building the country together. The Treatys Principles In the contrary view, the supporters of the treaty view it as a necessary tool in todays business practices. These proponents lay emphasis on the treatys principles which are: partnership, participation and protection. These principles have been argued to be of great significance as they can be employed by businesses to promote the business agendas and in the long run reward the firms financially. On the principle of Partnership, it can be argued that when the treaty was first formulated, the intention behind it was to make it possible for the British settlers and the M ori to co-exist in a form of a partnership and work together for the good of the nation and everyone. This spirit of partnership is essential to a business by promoting cultural diversity within the workplace. According to the Office of Ethnic Affairs, ethnic diversity has both qualitative and quantitative advantages which ultimately translate to financial benefits for organizations that promote and practice cultural diversity within their workforce. In New Zealand, statistics confirm that the M ori are the second largest group. Organizations therefore ought to tap into this and other groups to harness their traditions and practices which can be utilized to promote the businesses agenda in the specific communities. It is such partnerships that are considered to be both mutually and economically beneficial to the involved participants. Secondly, the treaty promoted the principle of participation to ensure that the M ori people were not locked out. In the same spirit, todays businesses are encouraged to ensure they allow the M ori people the opportunity to participate in their businesses agendas. Statistics reveal that there are growing numbers of the M ori population and this can be used as a good source of labour force that can be tapped into by businesses. The treatys final principle is the protection of the M ori, which has been held by courts to include the protection of their cultures. Paine (2003) states that organizations have come to the realization that it is essential to protect values in the organization as part of effective management. Businesses are therefore encouraged to preserve the values held by the M ori people which can be harnessed and used as a guide for the businesses operations. Through such practices, businesses will establish a true connection with the heritage of New Zealand. Further arguments have it that employees can get to know more about New Zealands culture and therefore lead to increased passion for the country and the businesses. In addition to the above, it is arguable to state that some spiritual practices of the M ori may be important to the operations of a business. Honoring such practices as the tapu which involves getting rid of equipment or machines that have caused death in the work place may be a form of closure which will enable the employees to move on from such incidents. Further, Johnstone (2005), in his presentation to the Te Awe Wellington M ori Business Network, emphasized the fact that the treaty is a fundamental tool to businesses. His talking points were that the business leaders should intervene in the settlement processes and advice the claimants to avoid lengthy and resource consuming processes and instead encourage speedy negotiation of settlements. Further, the businesses would guide and advice the claimants on how to invest the settlement proceeds in profitable ways. These may be rewarding to the businesses through increases in the client bases, networking and even increasing the market value of the businesses. It is therefore recommended to keep and observe the principles of the treaty in the work place for the benefit and productivity of the business and the local community at large The Law and the Treaty of Waitangi Another question for consideration is the extent to which the treaty has been incorporated into the laws of New Zealand. Just as any treaty, the Waitangi Treaty is only enforceable between the Crown and the M ori. With regards to domestic law, the application of the treaty within New Zealand depends only on the extent to which it has been domesticated (Henry, 1994). In that case, the court of Appeal has stated that though the treaty lacks definite legal status in New Zealand, to the extent of its domestication, it ought to be applied as a living document capable of fitting into new circumstances and its underlying principles are of utmost importance and must be applied to resolve relating issues. Various legislative pieces have incorporated the treaty into their provisions (or made reference to its principles) thus making the treaty applicable in New Zealand to the extent provided for. These pieces of legislation include the treaty of Waitangi Act, the State Owned Enterprise Act, the M ori Language Act, the Education Act, and the Health and disability Services Act. The Treaty of Waitangi Act was formulated in 1975 to set up the Waitangi Tribunal and bestowed upon in the powers to investigate legislative and executive actions that were in contravention of the treatys principles (Orange, 2015). The tribunal prepares reports and presents its findings to the government with proposed settlements. The State Owned Enterprises Act of 1986 implicitly prohibits the Crown from contravening the principles of the treaty in any manner. In 1987, the M ori Council was able to commence legal action against the Crown and succeeded at preventing the transfer of state enterprises which were subject to claims. There is also the M ori Language Act which was formulated to protect and promote the indigenous M ori language. This was enacted after the Waitangi tribunal concluded that the Crown was obligated under Article 2 of the treaty to protect and promote the language as it formed an essential part of the culture of the M ori and hence worthy the Crowns protection. Similarly, in New Zealand M ori Council v. AG Others [2013] NZSC, the court emphasized that the Crown has made a fundamental commitment to protect the M ori culture and that included the M ori language. In connection to the above, the Education Act of 1989 makes it mandatory for all schools to take into consideration the M ori culture in their charters and to give instructions in the M ori languages for interested students. It is however notable that this Act only applies the treatys principle but makes no reference to it. Similarly, the Children, Young Persons and their Families Act of 1989 only applies the treatys principles and provides for the special needs of the M ori people by providing that the Social Welfare Director General must give due regard to the M ori peoples values, culture and beliefs. Conclusion From the foregoing discussion, the clear intention behind the enactment of the Waitangi Treaty is manifested in its letter and the principles behind the document. Although the treaty was soon criticized due to the translation discrepancies and the argument that the M ori chief did not fully comprehend its meaning, it is unquestionable that the Queen had but good intentions for New Zealand and its people. Currently, it may be questioned why the treaty is still referred to and whether it is of any relevance to the economy of New Zealand if at all. Despite the criticism the treaty has received with regards to its relevance, the discussion above was somewhat exhaustive on why it is important to keep observing the treaty. As stated above, the court had stated that the treaty should be treated as a living document that is capable of fitting into any new circumstances in todays world. Therefore, though it was meant for the colonial era, the treaty can be applied in the modern times to promote the principles of partnership, participation and protection within business organizations as discussed hereinabove. Finally, it is important to note that New Zealand lack written Constitution and draws its framework from written laws, customary law and common law. The treaty, though formerly executed between the Crown and the M ori, has been handed down to successive governments which continue to enforce its principles to redress the historical injustices. Further, many legislations make reference to the treaty and apply its principles. The treaty therefore remains an informative and necessary document that must be preserved to keep the countrys heritage as a reminder of where New Zealand has come from. Bibliography Anderson, A. (1991). The chronology of colonization in New Zealand.Antiquity,65(249), 767-795. Barrett, M. Connolly-Stone, K.The Treaty of Waitangi and Social Policy - Google Search.Google.com. Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.google.com/search?q=THE+TREATY+OF+WAITANGI+AND+SOCIAL+POLICYoq=THE+TREATY+OF+WAITANGI+AND+SOCIAL+POLICYaqs=chrome.69i57.944j0j4sourceid=chromeie=UTF-8 Henry, H. (1994).The Status of the Treaty as a Legal Document | Treaty Resource Centre He Puna M tauranga o Te Tiriti.Trc.org.nz. Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.trc.org.nz/treaty_legal Johnstone, J. (2005).Business and the Treaty of Waitangi: Unleashing the Economic Potential Retrieved from https://www.raineycollins.co.nz/files/businessthetow-unleasingeconomicpotential.pdf Johnston, K. (2011). Treaty of Waitangi.NZL Rev., 211. Kuntz, J. R., Naswall, K., Beckingsale, A., Macfarlane, A. H. (2014). Capitalizing on diversity: espousal of Maori values in the workplace.The Journal of Corporate Citizenship, (55), 102-123. New Zealand M ori Council v. AG Others [2013] NZSC Orange, C. (2015).The treaty of Waitangi. Bridget Williams Books. Paine, L. S. (2003). Value shift.New York. Palmer, M. S. (2008). The Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand's law and constitution. Pete, K.The Relevance of the Treaty Today(1st Ed.). Retrieved from https://nwo.org.nz/files/TheRelevanceOfTheTreatyToday-KMP.pdf The Treaty of Waitangi Commerce Essay. (2016).Uniassignment.com. Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.uniassignment.com/essay-samples/commerce/the-treaty-of-waitangi-commerce-essay.php#ftn6 Treaty FAQs - The Treaty in brief | NZHistory, New Zealand history online. (2016).Nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/treaty-faqs#IstheTreatystillvalid The Treaty of Waitangi. (2016). Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.newzealandnow.govt.nz/living-in-nz/history-government/the-treaty-of-waitangi Te Tiriti O Waitangi | The Treaty Of Waitangi. Retrieved 2 November 2016, from https://www.nzhistory.net.nz/files/documents/treaty-kawharau-footnotes.pdf Walker, R. (1989). The Treaty of Waitangi as the focus of Maori protest.Waitangi: Maori and Pakeha perspectives of the Treaty of Waitangi, 263-279.

Serendipity free essay sample

Raku, a Japanese word, translates most closely to â€Å"serendipity,† or a fortuitous occurrence. It’s a centuries-old practice of glazing pottery that always yields unexpected results because the mercurial nature of raku glaze makes it impossible to control the color development of pieces as they fire. Some pieces emerge from the flames like burnt rainbows, glowing brilliantly, while others look like charred bits of tin foil. In other words, raku epitomizes the control freak’s worst nightmare. Most of the time ceramicists employ mathematical precision in the creation of their pieces; each stroke, pinch, and twist succinctly brings about a desired end. This control shatters when the piece enters the raku kiln and is offered up to the true final artist: heat. When I first encountered raku, I panicked. I was the control freak in art class who spent two hours smoothing the lip of a mug because I was never satisfied with my work. We will write a custom essay sample on Serendipity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I started leaving my pieces unfinished and unfired, still in their green state, so that I wouldn’t have to lend them to chance. Eventually, I stopped working with clay altogether because I was so afraid of the possibility of a negative outcome. After two weeks working in 2-D, I figured out that my fear of raku firing spoke to a prominent phobia that I had incorporated into my life outside of art, a fear of imperfection. As I stared at my sketchbook, I realized how critical I was of myself in regards to almost everything, and I realized how ridiculous it was that I existed in a cage of self-made, self-perpetuated fear. Raku is a metaphor for life. We have little control over our external circumstances, but we can control how we go into things; we can shape our characters so that we conduct heat admirably. That day as I sat in art, I knew exactly what I had to do to begin the process of personal conductivity: I had to raku, and let the stigma of imperfection burn off in the process. Ready to tackle my inhibitions, I began to sculpt again. When I had the right piece, I painted it with raku glaze and shut it in the kiln, fingers crossed, relinquishing all control and hope of perfection. I opened the kiln an hour later to a burnt rainbow. Since then, I’ve rakued many times with varying degrees of conventional â€Å"success.† I value my failed pieces as much as my brilliant ones because regardless of their outcome, their creation represents triumph over perfectionism and anxiety. My true serendipity occurs when I put my pieces in the kiln. Serendipity free essay sample Michele Trammels wrote about three princes who were always making discoveries of things In which they were not In search of. The word serendipity comes from the word serenely, Arlington from the Arabic word Sarandon. From that came the word serendipity. Interestingly enough, serendipity Is known as one of the hardest words to translate and define. This allows the word to be applied and perceived in a variety of ways. Each persons view of serendipity can be different. If you look up the definition of serendipity, youll find about thirty different functions because this word means something different to everybody who experiences it.To me, serendipity is when you take the wrong turn and end up favorite coffee shop or restaurant. For some serendipity is fate, for others its luck. But most importantly, serendipity is never looking for life greatest treasures but receiving lifes greatest surprises. Serendipity can lead us to discover life long friends, great adventures, or even a little treasure. We will write a custom essay sample on Serendipity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It may be different for everyone who experiences it but no matter how you define it, serendipity is a gift, one we receive when we are least expecting it.